What standards must a pet travel crate meet?

Pet travel crates must comply with the IATA Live Animal Regulations Container Requirement 1 (CR1), which specifies material, construction, ventilation, and door fixings. The crate must be made of rigid plastic, metal, or wood — no wire crates or wheels. Most crates use plastic clips to join the two halves, which is fine, but they must also be secured with metal bolts for extra security. Ventilation openings are required on all four sides, with side and back vents positioned on the upper half of the crate only. Doors must close and lock securely with metal fixings.